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Change Management Essay - 1503 Words

Change Management The purpose of this paper is to discuss organizational change and the management of that change. I will talk about the different drivers of change, the factors a leader needs to weigh to implement change effectively, the various resistances a leader may encounter while trying to implement change, and how various leadership styles will effect the realization of change. I will also discuss the knowledge I have gained through the completion of this assignment and how I think it might affect the way I manage change in my workplace. Drivers for change come in two categories, internal and external. In the simulation, Organization Structure, the pretence was that the stagnating system integration market, lead the CEO to†¦show more content†¦This employee was not an outsider that was helping out, but rather someone in the company who was trained to fill a specific duty. His leaving pressed the manager or leader into making adjustments to the way operations would be carried out without the use of his talents. These adjustments included rotating personnel through various positions to upgrade their training and skill level. Before effective change can be made in any organization, there are certain factors that need to be weighed. First, a clear-cut objective needs to be in place. As with any change, without a goal one flounders, and will surely have difficulty making any rewarding progress. A leader must also consider how the change will affect the personnel who are needed to bring about the change. A long time officer of the organization will not be amiable to phasing out her duties in the name of progress no matter how dedicated to the company she may be. Without first considering this issue, a leader is sure to run into resistance and perhaps sabotage while trying to advance a project. Other factors to be watchful for are the time line and costs of the change, and how employee development will be carried out. Will there be a need for on-the-job training, or are formal classes going to have to be conducted? Resistance is an obstacle that gets in the way whenever change isShow MoreRelatedThe Change Of Change Management1591 Words   |  7 PagesChange management is tedious and excruciating task, essentially affecting an association s drive towards their goal achievement. What s more shaking is that majority of the change management initiatives drastically fail. We all know that nothing is constant but change and change is inevitable, so in light of this associations need to determine how to effectively adjust and manage change. Change administration is vital ability that every organization should possess and that is in alignment withRead MoreResistance Of Change And Change Management1666 Words   |  7 PagesResistance to Change NASA had a firm hierarchy and this brought about a lot of resistance to change from people. NASA could have gotten more of the people involved in the changes. I find that by getting people involved and having some key people or champions to support the change, there is less resistance. People want to feel involved and a part of decisions, especially if it impacts them directly. When it comes to successful change management, get people involved earlier, which will contributeRead MoreChange Management2836 Words   |  12 Pagesmarket continue to intensify, change is arguably the only element that ensures organisation survival. Nadler and Tushman (1986) supported the view that organisations must accept change as the corporate way of life to remain competitive. Albeit the notion â€Å"change or else perish† sounded relatively simple, it can be difficult to execute to perfection given that change comes in many shapes and forms. Meyerson (2001) stipulated that there is no one rig ht way to manage change and what work for one individualRead MoreManagement Of Change Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pagespractice to an organization means changes have to occur in order to accommodate it. This would lead to organizational changes and may disrupt work patterns. Often, a change is necessary if an organization means to be competitive, and unless new ways and methods are developed and introduced, an organization may find itself lagging and not competitive. Benchmarking is one of those concepts that aim to improve work practices and achieve optimum results. Because change can bring negative connotations,Read MoreThe Changes For Successful Change Management1466 Words   |  6 PagesRapid pace of change has become the norm. Success and survival is dependent on the ability of an organization to align vision with results and in doing so there must be an effective way to understand and implement change. According to Al-Haddad and Kotnour (2013) 70% of organizations report cha nge initiatives fail. With so many changes in technology, competition, government regulations among others, it is imperative for an organization to learn how to properly identify needed change, deal with itRead MoreChange Management and Hris2214 Words   |  9 Pagescase we would like to discuss the process of implementing a new HRIS system in the organization, and the possible areas of issues caused by this change and the alternative ways to increase the success of the implementation process. 1. Evaluation of the situation. First of all, Julia Woodland was on the right track. She wanted to make significant changes. The steps she has taken show her experience and professionalism how to fix the mess in the HR department. Julia has divided the issues into twoRead MoreChange Management Essay2052 Words   |  9 PagesChange Management Plan No matter which type of industry is discussed Ââ€" change management is an essential component in todays ever-changing business environment. To better understand this concept it should be recognized that change management is not just a task to be checked off and considered finished Ââ€" instead, it is a constant process that should be undertaken with a sense of urgency, implemented swiftly, and monitored continuously to ensure a successful transformation. To illustrate the knowledgeRead MoreOrganization Change Management : Organization1065 Words   |  5 Pages Organisation Change Management BMO6624 Assignment 2 Literature Review Name: Ranjeeta Student ID: UNIT Coordinator and Lecturer: Dr. Shahnaz Naughton Introduction In modern organizations they always have to keep very close eyes on what coming next. In order to retain their position and sustain the market they always have to keep making changes in their organisational structure to meet the demands for their stakeholders. Whenever any organization decides toRead MoreWhat Are Organizational Change And Organisational Change Management?3027 Words   |  13 Pagesof the fast changes of the details age. These causes have pushed our potential to deal with company lifestyle needed. Handling modify efficiently needs an knowing of the factors at play, and sufficient time must be permitted for execution. Therefore we shall talk about in this document about how to flourish in the disorderly globe we live in. Furthermore, we shall analysis methods that could promote efficiently handle changes. 2. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE What Are Organizational Change and OrganizationalRead MoreRole of Communication in Change Management1704 Words   |  7 PagesROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN CHANGE MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION What is Change Management? Change management is a structured approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from a current state to a desired future state. Change management is a systematic approach to dealing with change, both from the perspective of an organization and on the individual level. It is a set of processes that is employed to ensure that significant changes are implemented in an orderly, controlled and systematic

Police Officers And Body Cameras Essay - 1721 Words

Today, law enforcement agencies, or more specifically police officers, are under constant scrutiny from their peers as well as outside sources. Many of these problems arise from how the police treat and deal with these citizens. There is however a solution to these problems, which can not only improve officer safety, but can also protect anyone else that the officer encounters. The solution to this problem is officer mounted camera systems, or better known as body cameras. These body cameras capture almost everything an officer see’s as well as hears. This allows for protection against a police officer as well as protection for a citizen who was scrutinized for something he or she might have done or not. Body cameras are ever increasing in policing and have many benefit’s as well as draw backs. Body cameras in policing are still new, but more and more agencies are beginning to implement this technology into their line of work. At first police officers were very hesitant to wear these body cameras because they were afraid they would infringe themselves and give away their own privacy. Later, as body cameras were beginning to see more use in the work place, officers began to realize that these very own body cameras that they once thought would only cause themselves harm would actual prove to be useful in a variety of situations. Some of these situations can be citizen complaints, to even backing up an officers use of force. Body cameras can be the one sole thing that can giveShow MoreRelatedEfficacy Of Body Cameras On The Police Officer Essay1737 Words   |  7 PagesEfficacy For Body Cameras In a case highlighted by The police staff an Arizona police officer had a confrontation one day on the job that ended up in a fight with the individual that he confronted. The bystanders videoed the fight but not the whole confrontation. Later on the video taken by the bystanders became viral and put the officer in a bad light with the public for using force with the person he confronted, but luckily for him he was wearing a body-worn camera that was issued to him. TheRead MoreBody Worn Cameras For Police Officers866 Words   |  4 Pagesunder oath. This has become a serious problem, and our police force has found a unique way to stop it. Body worn cameras for police officers on duty are that proposed solution. This technology makes it easier to determine what happened in a particular situation. Body worn police cameras help people to be more honest, have better behavior patterns, as well as keeping the officers who wear them accountable. There are many advantages to body-worn cameras. They can help in a decisive court case where it isRead MorePolice Officer And Wear A Body Camera2872 Words   |  12 PagesJinzhao Lu Writing 102.05 Becky Goldberg Research Paper January 22, 2015 Police Officer to Wear a Body Camera I. MY QUESTION On Wednesday December 3rd 2014, â€Å"Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that the New York Police Department was accelerating its efforts to outfit nearly every patrol officer on the force with body cameras† (Santora and Stewart). While crime has always been a problem for a major metropolitan center like New York City, it is rare to see that the new measures in crime preventionRead MorePolice Officers Wear Body Cameras3487 Words   |  14 Pages Should Police Officers Wear Body Cameras Ken Davis Liberty University Abstract The pedigree of this literary review will outline some of the dimensions and elements that provide empirical research by reliable researchers using reliable methods. The purpose of this paper is threefold. The first purpose is to review the communication and organizational literature on authority in order to illustrate how police â€Å"brutality† assist and continues to evolve. The Federal governmentRead MoreShould Police Officers Wear Body Cameras?1277 Words   |  6 PagesShould All Police Officers Wear Body Cameras? Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on August 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, Mo. Brown, an 18-year-old African-American was fatally shot and killed in the street shortly after robbing a convenience store. The disputed circumstances of the shooting of the unarmed young man sparked existing tensions in the majority-black community and law enforcements in Ferguson, Mo. The event received considerableRead MoreThe Fight For Cameras : Police Officers Should Wear Body Cameras1236 Words   |  5 Pages8548488 The Fight for Cameras: Why Police Officers Should Wear Body Cameras In 2014, the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson Missouri sparked an outbreak of protests and negative attention against the nation s law enforcement. Michael Brown was shot and killed and the whereabouts of what actually happened were very unclear. Was it an accident? Was it intentional? Did Michael Brown give a big enough reason to be shot at or was the cop abusing of his power? So many questions were asked and manyRead MorePolice Officer Body Worn Cameras : Privacy Concerns966 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as domestic violence abuse, the recordings documented from these body worn cameras can be very useful in the prosecution process, especially with witnesses that are reluctant to share what happened at the scene because the one inflicting harm was a loved one. Michael D. White, author of a project funded by the U.S. Department of Justice titled, Police Officer Body Worn Cameras- Assessing the Evidence, points out that the cameras are useful, â€Å"in providing an exact record of the demeanor and languageRead MorePolice Officers Should Be Tried For Wear Body Cameras965 Words   |  4 PagesPolice Officers Should Be Able to Wear Body Cameras So far over social media we have seen so many police brutality situations where they were in a position of having a stronger voice over witnesses and videos. The way the police system works is that they do not want to see their best men get into judicial trouble. What do I mean by that is having to sit in front of a judge. Looking in on outside of the situations I could tell police officers worked together to try to prove a cop was not in the wrongRead MoreShould Police Officers Be Required For Where Body Cameras?1479 Words   |  6 Pages Should Police Officers be required to where Body Cameras Ken Davis BUSI600 Section # BO5 June 21, 2015 Abstract The pedigree of this literary review will outline some of the dimensions and elements that provide empirical research by reliable researchers using reliable methods. The purpose of this paper is threefold: The first purpose is to review the communication and organizational literature on authority in order to illustrate how police brutality assist and continues toRead MorePolice Officers And Body Cams1583 Words   |  7 PagesPolice Officers And Body Cams Imagine if every police officer in the United States had to be required to wear body cameras. The questioning between officer Darren Wilson and Mike Brown could have been solved if a body camera could have captured the incident. This can increase the better outcomes of police officers and their job. People will be able to see everything that happens through the camera s lens. How do you feel about body cameras being worn? Even though some people believe police officers

Oil and Gas Service Contracts Around the World Free Sample

Question: Discuss the financial, commercial and contractual activities used in management worldwide oil and gas industry. Answer: The current assignment reflects the strategy adopted by the major oil and gas producing nations. They have either adopted variations in service contract or they have showed the interest in the current study as a substitute to Production Sharing Contracts over the period of 2015. Service contract can be defined as a contract, which examines the variations of service contracts from each of the countries (Alemn-Nava et al. 2014). Service contracts in long term is usually considered as long run contractual parameters which is preferred by a number of the host governments to obtain the International Oil Companies (IOC) expertise along with capital without the need to pass on the Field and Production ownerships rights to them. It is understood that some of the Oil and Natural Gas manufacturing nations have expressed their growing curiosity in undertaking numerous types of Service Contracts rather than obtaining Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) or concessions in their oil and natural gas growth and exploration venture. The systematic dimensions of service contracts govern the relations between the host government and International Oil Companies (IOC). IOC on the other hand explores oil and natural gas on behalf of host government in contrast to pre-determined fees. Under the framework of services contract, which is similar to Production Sharing Agreements, regarded as closest legal framework, IOC brings the technology and employs their capital investment (Alemn-Nava et al. 2014). On the other hand, under the service contracts the IOC has contracted to prearranged return in lieu of giving out profit oil. The International Oil Companies have adopted the technique of reimbursement under Service Contracts and Production Sharing Contracts which differs in four other classes such as Field Ownership Rights, Crude Oil Ownership Rights and the level of risk that each of the side shoulders (Dale et al. 2014). One of the sole reasons behind every nation adopting the variations in service is their concern for upholding the dominion over financial resources. Under the service contract policy, several nations uphold their field ownerships and in majority circumstances, produce crude oil ownership rights which they do not assign to foreign nations (Ghandi and Lin 2012). Several nations have expressed their interest in adopting service contract as service contracts enables those nations to relinquish less control over the oil fields and over the produced crude oil organizations but they still use their expertise of International Oil Companies (IOC) With the help of Production Sharing Contracts sovereignty concerns arises due to the decision-making authority of IOC in shouldering the development and exploration functions. Production sharing contracts also enables the foreign nations to share the ownership of produced crude under the assistance of foreign nations (Yusuf et al. 2014). When foreign nations surrender their sovereignty on natural resources, there is a low probability for adequate oversight from the host nations government. The international oil company employs several regulatory measures to supervise the operational role owned by state-level oil companies. An additional root for sovereignty concerns that arises from Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) is the tax code or institutional deficiencies which could act as a barrier for the host nation governments to collect rents from the international oil companies efficiently. Oil producing companies have illustrated their interest to attenuate few of the concerns arising from sovereignty concerns arising from Production Sharing Contract (PSC) due to the shortage of political institutional problems. A service contracts has the ability to address the sovereignty concerns as the conceptual framework of IOC is prone to huge profit or loss. The objectives of state owned oil companies are to diversify the objectives into dynamic profit maximization environment. These factors causes the service contracts to be economically insufficient. Undertaking dynamic policy of profit maximization leads to increase in efficiency of the service contract for both Iran and Iraq to buy back their own technical service contract. Study reveals that the conceptual framework of service contract is exposed to the risk of profit or loss depending upon the dynamic policy of profit maximization adopted by the government of host nation. According to (Groenendaal and Mazraati 2012) undertaking dynamic profit maximization policy act as opposing factors to undiscounted revenues even though increasing cumulative production could yield more improved outcomes. Environment of uncertainty prevails due to the concept of dynamic profit maximization decision. Such decision requires the operator to update its decision based on the optimal production quantity along with the forecast obtained through forecasted price of oil market. Nevertheless, remuneration is predetermined in association with the production profile for life time term of contract. It is to be noted that the current contract service lacks the required tools for undertaking vibrant profit maximization objectives by the oil companies owned by the state government (Tordo et al. 2013). Particularly in terms of buyback of Iran service contract, IOC remuneration was entitled to specified amount of time based on the pre-arranged contractual profile. Under such requirements, shift in the degree of contractual level of production might be hard for the operator to discover. As stated in the case of Iraq, IOC remuneration level per barrel is close to reaching the targeted plateau of producti on without putting any instrument in place to decide upon the optimum degree of production in each period. Under the production sharing contract it is very much likely that IOC in collaboration with the oil companies owned by the state level government must follow dynamic approach of profit maximization. It is due to the fact under production sharing IOC are given the authority of process of making decision and ownership rights on the produced crude oil (Ross 2012). International Oil Companies (IOC) is more likely to form collaboration with the state-owned oil companies for dynamic profit maximization objectives. It is noted that IOC and state owned oil companies form collaboration, which are more likely to produce economic efficiency under the conceptual framework of service contract. According to Shuen et al. (2014) it is evident that a clear description has been established among the service contract and the production sharing contract and it is understood that majority of nations prefer to move towards service contracts. By adopting service contracts, the ability of host nation govern ment is exposed to attract the investment from international oil companies. The cost of capital and decision for interaction amid International Oil Companies and the national oil companies is based on the allocation of ownerships rights for produced crude oil. Allocation of ownership rights helps in sharing the risk between the IOC and NOC. In relation to IOC cost of capital of Iran is different from other countries. Service contract is of IOC is different from cost of ceiling if once the contract is assigned signature to it. Most of buy back contract of service cost have the option of changing the degree of cost after signing the contract and such prevalent disadvantage could limit have the limitation of increasing the risk of IOC contracts (Ngoasong 2014). Concession and licensing agreements have considerably evolved ever since their introduction as one sided contract. There were several nations or colonies with high resources were dependent on the other states or resource rich empires. Numerous organizations complete the bidding process after putting their assent for the license to such ownership rights. However, with the advent of modernization of oil and gas sector several oil companies has opted out of the concessional rates and adopted PSC/PSA contracts due to lack of concession in seismic exploration (Ngoasong 2014). Oil companies are left with no choice but to take calculated risk regarding the strategy of making bid for a license. The oil companies are more cautious towards the price of bid as there is no guarantee regarding the concession which will cover the cost of companys and generate profit. The host government on the other hand will not maximize the potential return from the auction systems. Further reasons which states the reasons of host government moving away from concession and replacing with the PSA or PSC is due to the fact the being a signatory to any specific contract, the host government like to seek more profit in most of the energy deals. The host government is currently in the awkward situation as they are under the obligation of regulating itself. Another reason for shifting away is the corruption that is present in the high investment cost. Several Companies potential bid for lucrative deals to make illegal payments by disguising the government officials. IOC being the largest producers of Oil and natural gas has responded to the dramatic change in the production and exploration process by strong market incentives. It has also devoted a large number of shares to the soaring profits and cash flow for the exploration of new fields (Shuen et al. 2014). IOC has not been able to replace the amount of their reserves asserts in recent years in contrast to the small scale U.S companies. It is also to be noted that IOC have not responded according to the market challenges in contrast to their strong IOCs exploration expenditure which resulted in large increase in non-OPEC productions. The exploration expenditure from the five largest IOCs has been flat to lower in the aftermath of OPEC so that it can sustain the constraints in the market supply. Instead of favoring exploration in exploration and production activities in resource rich nations such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait and U.A.E 56% of IOC increased operating cash flow on share wa s repurchased. IOC has also increased their spending on develop resources to sustain these assets quickly when the prices of oil are high. As rightly put forward by Kavousi and Ansari (2014), the Venezuela intended to introduce an intricate contractual advance in the three different stages of auctions of operating service agreements on 34 different areas. In the two initial rounds of the operational service contracts, the recovery of IOC comprised of the initial investment in addition to the interest as well as supplementary per barrel fee for production in order to cover the operational cost. However, the payments made to the IOC were essentially in the denomination of the US dollar that helped to protect t against the foreign exchange fluctuation risks (Mitchell et al. 2012). However, Kuwait also expressed interest and pursued three different variations of the service level agreements. The government of Kuwait declared a new variation of the service level agreements also popularly called as the operating service contract that could restrict the level of control over the possession rights as per the constitutional prov isions. Again, a new edition of the service agreement of Kuwait was also signed that in turn improved the overall technical service contract with the intention of development of a field for natural gas (Feng et al. 2014). However, Kuwait parliament conducted a probe investigation over the enhanced technical service contract and decided the restrain the process of giving identical agreements to different intercontinental corporations. As rightly indicated by Liu (2014), the capital cost decision interface of IOC or else IOC, Iran is different from the service type agreements of the two other nations owing to the restricted alternatives relating to the capital cost ceiling. This is primarily because IOCs essentially do not have the choice to alter the level of cost capital after signing the contract almost in all of the buy-back service agreements of Iran. The restriction of choice as regards the level of the cost of capital can also escalate the degree of risk in this type of service level contracts (Mills 2013). However, the capital cost decision interaction can be considered as a serious matter of concern in case of Iraq as the Iraqi government might possibly find it expensive to attain the production plateau. Therefore, the Iraqi government can restrain the capital expenditure of IOC (Mitchell et al. 2012). Nevertheless, in accomplishing the task of holding back the capital expenditure, the government of Iraq might perhaps raises the level of economic efficiency of the agreements. As rightly pointed out by Ross (2012), the IOCs are essentially entitled to a specific fraction of the overall crude production as per the third round of the service level agreement in Venezuela. This is a crucial feature of the third round contract of the service agreement as the other service agreements preserves and retains the ownership of the state-owned oil corporations of the produced crude (Mills 2013). However, as regards the operatorship right of the developed area Iran preserves the authority for its own nationalized subsidiary. Generally, the IOC runs the fields as prescribed under different service agreements. Irans Soroosh and Nowrooz buy-back service level agreements declare the fact that the operatorship rights can also be a foundation of economic effectiveness (Mitchell et al. 2012). In accordance with the service level agreements, the IOCs do not share the profit oil and remuneration is considered as the lone source of the earned profit for the specific investment. However, the remunerations are enumerated with reference to constant rate of return for the IOCs in the particular project as per the buy-back service agreements of Iran (Mitchell et al. 2012). Again, the remuneration is solely founded on each barrel production according to the first two initial rounds of the service agreements in both Iraq as well as Venezuela. However, in the third round, Venezuela experiences a descending technique for the remuneration structure of IOC that is primarily founded on the rate of return of the project. In conclusion, it can be said that not all service agreements are identical to the risk exposure of IOC. The service agreements are at variance with the risk shared between the IOC as well as the NOC. Furthermore, the flooded capital cost can be considered as the primary source of the risk for the IOC as per the buy-back service agreements in Iran whereas the case might not be same for other cases. The above mentioned study helps us in gaining deep understanding regarding the stratagem as well as different fiscal systems related to the oil and natural gas along with energy of major oil producing nations that have adopted a variation of a service agreement. In particular, the study also suggests that the service level agreements might perhaps be elucidated by way of heightened concerns regarding sovereignty as well as political scenario on one side and requirement for the oil capital of different intercontinental corporations on the other hand. The above study also helps in investigat ing the drawbacks of different service level agreements counting the prospective for economically unproductive results. Furthermore, the above study also gives deep insight regarding the probable solutions for enhancing the economic efficacy of different service level agreements. Reference List: Alemn-Nava, G.S., Casiano-Flores, V.H., Crdenas-Chvez, D.L., Daz-Chavez, R., Scarlat, N., Mahlknecht, J., Dallemand, J.F. and Parra, R., 2014. Renewable energy research progress in Mexico: A review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,32, pp.140-153. Feng, Z., Zhang, S.B. and Gao, Y., 2014. On oil investment and production: A comparison of production sharing contracts and buyback contracts.Energy Economics,42, pp.395-402. Ghandi, A. and Lin, C.Y.C., 2012. Do Irans buy-back service contracts lead to optimal production? The case of Soroosh and Nowrooz.Energy Policy,42, pp.181-190. Ghandi, A. and Lin, C.Y.C., 2014. Oil and gas service contracts around the world: a review.Energy Strategy Reviews,3, pp.63-71. Mills, R.M., 2013. Northern Iraq's Oil Chessboard: Energy, Politics and Power.Insight Turkey,15(1), p.51. Ngoasong, M.Z., 2014. How international oil and gas companies respond to local content policies in petroleum-producing developing countries: A narrative enquiry.Energy Policy,73, pp.471-479. Ross, M., 2012.The oil curse: how petroleum wealth shapes the development of nations. Princeton University Press. Shuen, A., Feiler, P.F. and Teece, D.J., 2014. Dynamic capabilities in the upstream oil and gas sector: Managing next generation competition.Energy Strategy Reviews,3, pp.5-13. Tordo, S., Warner, M., Manzano, O. and Anouti, Y., 2013.Local content policies in the oil and gas sector. World Bank Publications. Yusuf, Y.Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., Dauda, M., El-Berishy, N.M. and Cang, S., 2014. A relational study of supply chain agility, competitiveness and business performance in the oil and gas industry.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.531-543.